By: J.Salameh
Nouns
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A noun is a word used to name different things: |
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| a person: Ahmad, Sameer, Suha, Saleem, Jim, Jan, .... |
| an animal: cat, dog, lion, camel |
| a place: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Jerusalem, Dammam, zoo |
| a thing: book, desk, sports, water |
| or an idea. Islam, math, science, love, hate, kindness |
| There are several classifications for nouns: |
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| 1- Nouns can be singular or plural in form. Plural means two or more. Plurals are formed by adding s, es, changing y to i and adding es, and with changes in spelling as in woman becoming women. |
| Singular nouns name only one person, place, thing or idea. |
| a book, a cat, door, love, an animal |
| Plural nouns name two or more persons, places, things or ideas. |
| books, cats, doors, animals |
| Spelling : Most nouns can be made plural by adding –s. For example, (cat is a singular noun. The word cats is a plural noun.) |
| If a noun ends with the –s, sh, ch, or x like the words, kiss, church, ash or box, then they are made plural by adding –es (kisses, churches, ashes, and boxes). |
| There are also other nouns that do not follow any rule. For example, the plural form of the words child and woman are children and women. |
| 2- Nouns are classified into two general classifications, proper and common. Proper nouns name a certain person, place or thing and begin with capital letters. Common nouns begin with small letters unless they come at the beginning of a sentence. |
| Proper nouns refer to specific people, places, things and ideas. They are always capitalized! A person's name Nabeel is a proper noun. Other examples are: |
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| Common nouns are all other nouns. For example: cat, pencil, paper, etc. They are not capitalized unless they are the first word in the sentence. |
| 3- Nouns can also be collective. |
| Collective nouns are nouns that are grammatically considered singular, but include more than one person, place, thing, or idea in its meaning. |
| Words like: team, group, jury, committee, audience, crowd, class, troop, family, team, couple, band, herd,and quartet are all considered singular. |
| Generally, collective nouns are treated as singular because they emphasize the group as one unit. The committee is going to make a decision. |
| 4- Nouns can also be either count or non-count. |
| Non-count nouns can't be counted. For example, Animals breath air. Air can't be counted. We can't say one air or two airs. |
| Count nouns can be counted. For example, I drank two cups. of coffee. A cup can be counted. We can say one cup or two cups. |
| 5. Nouns can be Abstract or concrete. |
| Concrete nouns are nouns that you can touch. They are people, places, and some things. Words like person, court, Georgia, pencil, hand, paper, car, and door are all examples of concrete nouns. |
| Abstract nouns are nouns that cannot be physically held. For example, things like air, justice, safety, Democracy, faith, religion, etc. |
| 6. Nouns can be Gerunds |
| A gerund is the –ing form of the verb and is used as a noun. For example, Swimming is good for you. swimming is the noun/gerund. |
| Note: Nouns can fit into more than one category. Example, the noun Ahmad is a singular, concrete, count, and proper noun. |
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