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1- Prepositions are words that show relationships between nouns, pronouns and other words in a sentence. 2- They usually come before nouns. 3- They never change their form, regardless of time, gender, or case. 4- A single preopsition may have more than one meaning depending on the way it is used. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Example: I ate before noon. | ||||
| There are about 150 prepositions in English. Some of the most common prepositions are: | ||||
| About | Before | Down | Into | Through |
| Above | Behind | During | Like | To |
| Across | Below | Except | Of | Toward |
| After | Beneath | For | Off | Under |
| Among | Beside | From | On | Up |
| Around | Between | In | Over | With |
| At | By | Instead of | Since | Without |
| Prepositions of time | ||
|---|---|---|
| Prepositions of time show when something happens. Some of the most common prepositions of time are: | ||
| Preposition | Use | Examples |
| in | in months | I graduated in May. |
| years | I joind the Navy in 1999. | |
| seasons | I take my vacation in Summer. | |
| parts of the day | I will see you in the morning/afternoon/evening. | |
| duration | I'll see you in a minute/two weeks/a year. | |
| at | part of the day | I'll stop by at night. |
| time of day | We'll finish at 4 o'clock/midnight/noon. | |
| celebrations | We'll get together at Eid. | |
| on | days of the week | The party is on Monday. |
| date | I was born on the 24th of Ramadan. | |
| I will relax on the weekend | ||
| after | later than something. | Come over after dinner. |
| ago | how far something happened in the past. | I saw him 2 months ago. |
| before | earlier than something. | I'll see you before July/school/noon. |
| between | time that separates two points. | He will show up between 8 and 9. |
| by | not later than a special time. | I'll be there by 9 o'clock. |
| during | through a period of time | You cab make friends during school/vacation. |
| for | period of time | I have been working there for three years |
| from ... to from... till/until |
two points from a period | I'll work from Saturday to Wednesday. I'll work from Saturday till Wednesday. I'll work from Saturday until Wednesday. |
| past | time of the day | It is 15 minutes past 6 (6:15; )/bedtime. |
| since | point of time | I have been working here since July. |
| till/until | no later than a specific time | I'll wait till/until tomorrow. |
| to | time of the day | It is 20 minutes to 4 (3:40)/bedtime. |
| up to | not more than a specific time | I'll help you up to 2 hours a week. |
| within | during a period of time | I'll see you within a week. |
| Prepositions of place and direction | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preposition | Use | Examples |
| in | enclosed space | |
| The book is in the box. | ||
| He lives in this building. | ||
| He is in the car. | ||
| at | something at a particular point | |
| I'll wait for you at the bus stop. | ||
| He lives at the end of the road. | ||
| Someone is at the door. | ||
| on | surface | |
| The painting is on the wall. | ||
| There is a dirty spot on the ceiling/floor. | ||
| Read the sentences on the page. | ||
| above | higher than something. | I painted the space above the fireplace. |
| across | from one side to the other | Is there a bridge across the river. |
| after | one follows the other | The dog ran after the cat/thief. |
| against | directed towards sth. | The car crashed against the wall. |
| along | in a line; from one point to another | They're running along the river. |
| among | in a group | There is a quarter among the coins. |
| around | in a circular way | We ran around the neighborhood. |
| behind | at the back of | He stood behind the desk. |
| below | lower than something. | Jericho is 1000 meter below sea level. |
| beside | next to | He stood beside the desk. |
| between | sth./sb. is on each side | He sat between the Ahmad and Nabeel. |
| by | near; signifies someone or something moving past without stopping | I sat by the window. |
| close to | near | The school is close to the bus stop. |
| down | from high to low | He went up a hill and came down a mountain. |
| from | the place where something starts | Where do you from? |
| in front of | the part that is in the direction it faces | He stood in front of the desk. |
| inside | opposite of outside | When it rains, you should stay inside the house. |
| into | entering something. | He came into the house. |
| near | close to | He stood near the door. |
| next to | beside | He stood next to the door. |
| off | away from something. | He jumped off the branch. |
| opposite | on the other side | They stood opposite the each other. |
| out of | leaving something. | He came out of the house. |
| outside | opposite of inside | He waited outside the house. |
| over | above something or somebody. | The thief jumped over the wall. |
| through | going from one point to the other point | He looked through the window. |
| to | towards something or somebody. | He went to the market. |
| towards | suggests movement in a general direction. | He walked towards me. |
| under | below something. | The book is under the desk. |
| up | from low to high | He climbed up the mountain. |